What is the term for an adverse effect that resembles a suntan without sun exposure, often linked to certain medications or diseases?

The term that describes an adverse effect resembling a suntan without sun exposure, often related to certain medications or diseases, is drug-induced pigmentation. This condition occurs when certain drugs lead to changes in skin pigmentation, causing the skin to appear tanned or darker, similar to what one might see with sun exposure. This can happen due to the accumulation of pigmentation in the skin cells as a result of the body's reaction to the medication.

In many cases, the pigmentation is harmless and will fade once the offending medication is discontinued. Drug-induced pigmentation differs from an abnormal suntan because a suntan specifically results from UV exposure and increased melanin production in response to that exposure.

The other options presented do not accurately capture this specific skin condition linked to medications or diseases. A chemical burn involves damage to the skin caused by chemicals rather than changes in pigmentation, while solar dermatitis pertains to skin inflammation due to sun exposure rather than a discoloration effect associated with medications.