What condition is characterized by increased sebum production and inflammation of the oil glands?

Seborrheic dermatitis is characterized by increased sebum production and inflammation of the oil glands, primarily affecting areas of the body where sebaceous (oil) glands are most abundant, such as the scalp, face, and upper back. This condition typically presents as red, inflamed patches covered with greasy, yellowish scales. The overproduction of sebum can lead to a yeast (Malassezia) overgrowth on the skin, which contributes to the inflammation and skin flaking associated with seborrheic dermatitis. It is common in infants (as cradle cap) and adults, with symptoms often exacerbated by stress, changes in weather, and hormonal fluctuations.

In contrast, other listed conditions like urticaria (hives), psoriasis, and angioedema have different underlying mechanisms and clinical presentations. Urticaria is characterized by raised, itchy welts caused by allergic reactions, while psoriasis involves rapid skin cell proliferation leading to thick, silvery scales and is considered an autoimmune disorder. Angioedema refers to deeper swelling in the layers of the skin and tissues often associated with allergic reactions, but does not involve increased sebum production.